Eczema is a group of conditions that can make the skin dry, itchy, inflamed and sensitive. It may affect babies, children and adults, and symptoms can range from small dry patches to widespread, uncomfortable flare-ups.

Eczema is not contagious. Although some forms cannot be permanently cured, symptoms can often be controlled with suitable skincare, trigger management and medical treatment.

Common Eczema Symptoms

Eczema can appear differently depending on a person’s age, skin tone and the type of eczema involved.

Common symptoms include:

• Dry or rough skin
• Persistent itching
• Red, brown, purple or grey patches
• Flaking or scaling
• Cracked or bleeding skin
• Small bumps or blisters
• Thickened skin caused by repeated scratching
• Pain, burning or sensitivity

Itching is one of the main symptoms. Scratching may temporarily relieve the sensation but can damage the skin barrier and worsen inflammation.

What Causes Eczema?

Eczema often involves a weakened skin barrier. When the barrier does not retain moisture effectively, the skin becomes dry and more vulnerable to irritants and allergens.

Genetics, immune system activity and environmental factors may all contribute. Some people with eczema also have a personal or family history of asthma, hay fever or allergies.

Common Eczema Triggers

Triggers are different for every patient. Common examples include:

• Fragranced skincare products
• Harsh soaps and detergents
• Heat and sweating
• Cold or dry air
• Dust and pollen
• Wool or rough fabrics
• Stress
• Certain workplace chemicals
• Skin infections

Both hot weather and sweating may trigger eczema flare-ups, which can be particularly relevant in Malaysia’s humid climate.

Food is not the cause of every eczema case. Avoid removing major food groups, especially from a child’s diet, unless a healthcare professional has identified a possible allergy.

Daily Eczema Management

Moisturise Regularly

Use a fragrance-free moisturiser or emollient several times a day, especially after bathing and handwashing.

Thicker creams or ointments may be more suitable for very dry skin, while lighter products may feel more comfortable during the day.

Take Short, Lukewarm Showers

Hot water may worsen dryness and itching. Use lukewarm water and gently pat the skin dry rather than rubbing it.

Apply moisturiser shortly after bathing to help retain moisture.

Choose Gentle Products

Look for fragrance-free cleansers and skincare products developed for sensitive skin.

“Natural” or botanical products are not automatically safe for eczema. Essential oils and plant extracts may still trigger irritation or allergic contact dermatitis.

Keep Cool

Wear loose, breathable clothing and change out of sweaty clothes when possible. Cotton may feel more comfortable than rough or tightly woven fabrics.

Avoid Scratching

Keep fingernails short and use a cool compress when itching becomes uncomfortable. Scratching can break the skin and increase the risk of infection.

Medical Treatment for Eczema

When moisturisers and trigger avoidance are not enough, a doctor may recommend treatment to control inflammation.

Depending on the severity and affected area, treatment may include:

• Topical corticosteroids
• Non-steroid anti-inflammatory creams
• Treatment for skin infection
• Phototherapy
• Oral or injectable medication for selected moderate or severe cases

Topical corticosteroids can be effective when used correctly. The strength, amount and treatment period should follow medical instructions.

Long-term eczema management normally combines medication with regular moisturising and trigger control.

Signs That Eczema May Be Infected

Broken eczema-prone skin is more vulnerable to infection. Seek medical attention if you notice:

• Increasing pain or warmth
• Rapidly spreading redness
• Pus or yellow crusting
• Weeping skin
• Fever or feeling unwell
• Clusters of painful blisters

Do not rely only on home treatment when infection is suspected.

When to Visit SoHeal Clinic

Consider arranging a consultation when:

• Eczema affects sleep or daily activities
• Itching is persistent
• Flare-ups happen frequently
• The affected area is spreading
• Products repeatedly irritate the skin
• There are possible signs of infection
• Current treatment is not controlling symptoms

SoHeal Clinic provides consultations for eczema, acne, psoriasis and other skin concerns in Eco Sanctuary, Selangor. Care can be personalised according to the patient’s symptoms, skin condition and possible triggers.

SoHeal Clinic
📍 11-G Jalan Eco Santuari 8/1C, Persiaran Eco Sanctuary, 42500 Telok Panglima Garang, Selangor
📞 +03 8683 2781

Medical disclaimer: This article provides general information only and should not replace medical diagnosis or personalised treatment.